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Our diy Coca Cola recipe follows his 1886 version. Ingredients Syrup Ingredients 2.4 lbs White Sugar 2 tsp Citric Acid 26 oz Hot Water 1/3 oz Lime Juice 800 mg Caffeine 1 oz Caramel Coloring 2 tsp Vanilla Extract 7x Flavor Base Ingredients 8 oz High Proof Neutral Spirit (Everclear 190) 1 mL Orange Oil 1.5 mLs Lemon Oil 0.5 mL Nutmeg Oil 0.5 mL Coriander Oil Glen got the idea to do this back in 2011 from an NPR radio show called This American Life, but getting the ingredients for Coca Cola wasnt easy and still isnt.Watch the video from Glen & Friends Cooking for more info: Obviously Coca loaf extract is the biggie in the room but even Neroli Oil Extract is hard to get; in that its so expensive! All Rights Reserved. Not that his goal was altogether altruistic. [19], The primary taste of Coca-Cola is thought to come from vanilla and cinnamon, with trace amounts of essential oils, and spices such as nutmeg. 3) Make the syrup. Lipton Recipe Secrets Soup and Dip Mix For a Delicious Meal Onion Great With Your Favorite Recipes, Dip or Soup Mix 2 oz. For more than a quarter century, the recipe was disclosed only by word of mouth. Coke certainly delivered a rush. The beverage known as Coca-Cola was invented by a pharmacist, John Pemberton, in Atlanta, Georgia in 1886. Obviously Coca loaf extract is the biggie in the room - but even Neroli Oil Extract is hard to get; in that its so expensive! 7X Flavour [Use 2 oz flavour (below) to 5 gals syrup (I used 15mL per 19L, or 1.3mL / 1L)], 236 mL (8 oz) high proof food grade alcohol, 10 drops (0.25g / .5 mL) Neroli Oil (You can sub Bitter Orange Oil), 10 drops (0.25g / .5 mL) Cinnamon (Cassia / True Cinnamon) Oil, FE Coca (Fluid Extract of Coca) 3 drams USP (10.5 mL). As collateral for the acquisition loan, Woodruff placed the only written copy of the formula in a vault at the Guaranty Trust Company of New York. Although there are limited studies about the effects of Coca-Colas added coca extract on consumers, cocaine addiction is very real. 5. [22] Many bottlers outside the U.S. also continue to use sucrose as the primary sweetener. Today, the formula is allegedly sealed within this elaborately decorated vault, equipped with "a palm scanner, a numerical code pad, and massive steel door." Trying to quit a cocaine addiction by yourself can be difficult and even dangerous. If you are doing a double take on the ingredients and "coca Original Sugar Syrup Recipe: FE Coca (Fluid Extract of Coca) 3 drams USP (10.5 mL) Citric Acid 3 oz (85g) Caffeine 1 oz (30 mL) Sugar 30 # Water 2.5 gal. Consult a professional if you have questions. [10][11] According to these accounts, the company obtains the ingredient from the Stepan Company of Maywood, New Jersey, which legally extracts cocaine from coca leaves for use in pharmaceuticals, then sells the processed leaf material for use in Coca-Cola. On April 23, 1985, the trade secret "New Coke" formula was launched in response to declining sales thanks to an increasingly competitive cola market. Interestingly enough, most of these critics were more upset about the alcohol and its impacts on health than anything else in the soda. (Watch Part 2: youtu.be/utvx01Z6JzY) Our diy Coca Cola recipe follows his 1886 version. Robinson can also be credited with creating the first scripted "Coca-Cola" using the flowing letters that serve as the famous logo of today. Caffeine. I did quite a bit of experimenting with the two Coca-Cola recipes and found the best combination was R.R. but there are versions out there hand written by the inventor of Coke - John Pemberton. "The History of Coca-Cola." Even today, the U.S. soft drink industry is organized on this principle. So, today Coca-Cola actually still features flavors from coca leaves. She is known for her independent films and documentaries, including one about Alexander Graham Bell. Bellis, Mary. What came before Coca-Cola? In May 1886, Coca-Cola was invented by Doctor John Pemberton, a pharmacist from Atlanta, Georgia. (2021, January 26). bilibiliACGUp, Light-hearted conversation with callers from all over about new words, old sayings, slang, family expressions, and language change and differences, as well as word histories, etymology, . They found a variety of ways to influence public perception and studies on both sugar and caffeine. Lime Juice 2 pints (473 mL) Vanilla 1 oz (30 mL) Caramel 1.5 oz or more to colour. As the recipe for the syrup called for coca leaf extract and caffeine from the kola nut, the name Coca Kola was easy to come up with. Pemberton studied medicine at the Reform Medical College of Georgia and was a former Confederate States Army lieutenant colonel. 17,868 0 in cart. : DIY 'Coke' Cola Recipe Nailed It! The video goes pretty fast, so it can be easy to miss. The original formula for Coca-Cola contained cocaine from coca leave. Vin Mariani was not your average Maid Marian of a drink itself. Ohio State University claims thenatural flavorsin Coca-Cola include coca leaves, vanilla, and cinnamon. Original Sugar Syrup Recipe: FE Coca (Fluid Extract of Coca) 3 drams USP (10.5 mL) Citric Acid 3 oz (85g) Caffeine 1 oz (30 mL) Sugar 30 # Water 2.5 gal. Death of the Soda Fountain; Rise of the Bottling Industry, Advertising Efforts: "I'd Like to Buy the World a Coke". 7. 8 oz High Proof Neutral Spirit (Everclear 190). His first iteration of the drink was called Pembertons French Wine and Coca. Bellis, Mary. Time: Duncan Goodhew was famous for which sport? Under Robert's management, the company began selling Coke overseas and, in 1928, sent Coca-Cola along with Team USA to the Amsterdam Olympics. Coca-Cola informed the media it would be sending its sacred formula to the World of Coca-Cola, where it would be put on display withinThe Vault of the Secret Formula. The soft drink was first sold to the public at the soda fountain in Jacob's Pharmacy in Atlanta on May 8, 1886. Take the first step toward addiction treatment by contacting us today. The two soda powerhouses have been battling it out for market share for over a century now. The first year of business wasn't much of a success, though, as it cost Pemberton over $70 in expenses to create the drink, resulting in a loss. It was a change of his French Wine Coca. The beverage known as Coca-Cola was invented by a pharmacist, John Pemberton, in Atlanta, Georgia in 1886. Coca-Cola Founders Facts and Trivia . Each year, in the weeks leading up to Passover, bottlers in markets with substantial Jewish populations switch to sucrose sweetener in order to obtain Kosher for Passover certification. The number of cocaine-esque chemicals in Coca-Cola were always small and so the public outcry for health and safety was never directed at that ingredient when it came to the drink. Sales for that first year added up to a total of about $50. Web This homemade cola recipe will need you to combine orange zest, orange peel, lime zest, lemon zest, ground cinnamon, nutmeg, coriander seed, citric acid, and gum arabic in a 4.6/5 Servings: 4 Cuisine: American Category: Drinks It takes seven values, a vision with six Ps, and five behaviors to achieve the one mission of The Coca-Cola Company: happiness. Coca-Cola was intended to be a replacement for one of his previous panacea tonic drinks, PembertonsFrenchWine Coca, due to the prohibition of alcohol in 1885 in Atlanta, Georgia. 1886 Coca Cola Recipe Recipes with Ingredients and Nutrition Info, cooking tips and meal ideas from top chefs around the world. Ever wonder how to make the worlds favourite soda pop Coca Cola? If you need professional help with completing any kind of homework, Solution Essays is the right place to get it. About nine servings of the soft drink were sold each day. While the Coca-Cola Company denies this claim, historical evidence shows that it is likely that, until 1905, the soft drink, which was marketed as a tonic, contained extracts of cocaine as well as the caffeine-rich kola nut. Sugar. Add a measured amount of 7X flavouring to the sugar syrup. Actually, it turns out they transport hundreds of thousands of kilograms of coca leaves each year. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. To substitute orange blossom water for neroli, add 1.5 tsp (7.5 mLs) of orange blossom water directly to the final syrup while adding the vanilla extract. The song "I'd Like to Buy the World a Coke" was the brainchild of Bill Backer, the creative director on the Coca-Cola As he explained to songwriters Billy Davis and Roger Cook, "I could see and hear a song that treated the whole world as if it were a person a person the singer would like to help and get to know. The drink began to gain traction in the U.S., but there were some major changes looming on the horizon. He died two years later from stomach cancer at age 57 in August 1888. We Made The 1886 Coca Cola Recipe Hold up if you know, you know from . COVID-19 UPDATE: Vertava Health is committed to the safety and security of our team members, patients, and their families. Stirring continuously, just until sugar is dissolved. 1 is known to be sugar, in the form of high-fructose corn syrup or sucrose (see variations, below); caramel coloring is no. Factory managers are told the relative proportions of each numbered merchandise, and the mixing procedure, but not the ingredients in the merchandises, some of which are themselves mixtures of more basic ingredients. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Before Coca-Cola, by the same inventor: Pemberton's Wine Coca (newspaper advertisement, Orange County . Glen got the idea to do this back in 2011 from an NPR radio show called 'This American Life', but getting the ingredients for Coca Cola wasn't easy and still isn't. : https://youtu.be/tTZOVAmvVoo6) Rye \u0026 Squozen Cola Ice cream: https://youtu.be/a8fGozHUC7YLe Gourmet TV Is Now - Glen \u0026 Friends Cooking!#SquozenCola #LeGourmetTV #GlenAndFriendsCookingGlen \u0026 Friends Cooking,cooking,food,recipe,how to make diy coca cola,diy coke,diy cola,coca cola recipe,home made coca cola,make your own coke,coke recipe,original coke recipe,1886 pemberton coke recipe,coca cola,Pemberton 1886 coca cola recipe,cola recipe,cola recipe homemade,kola nut,7X flavour formula,Coke 7X recipe,coca cola 7X recipe,Merchandise 7x,squozen cola,squozen simpsons,squozen milhouse,1886 coke recipe,1886 coke cola Mix together all of the ingredients of the 7X Flavour. [2], In 1919, Ernest Woodruff led a group of investors in purchasing the company from Candler and his family. In Atlanta, Georgia, he made his first Coca-Cola sale at a neighborhood drugstore. Along the way, learn about the origins of the secret formula, how competitors tried to copy the success of CocaCola, how the owners of CocaCola kept the formula secret throughout the years, and how the secrecy spawned a trove of myths and legends. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. So I will say when I originally wrote this section, I did the math and even wrote the proof of how much of each oil is in one coke. Icne de tous les temps, Coca-Cola est le produit le plus connu au monde. One of the most important and arguably the tastiest ingredients in soda is sugar. Thirty-five years before the sale and consumption of alcohol was prohibited at the federal level; it was banned in Atlanta, forcing John Pemberton to reformulate some of his recipes. This post may contain Amazon affiliate links and as an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases. One should take all things in moderation, but if you are comparing calories, its nowhere near as bad as an alcoholic drink. I got Durkee, but thats only because it was the cheapest I could find at the time. 4. Cr Atlanta, en Gorgie, par le Dr John S. Pemberton, Coca-Cola a d'abord t propos comme boisson de fontaine en mlangeant du sirop de Coca-Cola avec de l'eau gazifie r. Coca-Cola a t introduit en 1886, brevet en 1887, enregistr en tant que . At present, the secret formula of Coca-Cola is written on a piece of paper and which is kept in a vault in the United States. cup water 4 allspice berries 1 cinnamon stick, lightly crushed cup boiling water Kola2 tablespoons kola nuts, chopped if whole 1 cup water cup lime zest (from 6. After sustaining a Saber wound to his chest in the Battle Of Columbus, Pemberton used morphine to ease his pain and eventually became addicted to it. Bellis, Mary. Robert also was an early proponent of the six-pack, which brought even more of his product into customers' homes. All while being around 14% alcohol. When comparing the Coca-Cola recipe and Pembertons French Wine Coca recipe, its clear that he was trying to make coke appeal to a larger market by removing most of the medical qualities from his coca wine. I didnt see you add caramel coloring in the instructions on the video? 2, caffeine is no. Glen got the idea to do this back in 2011 from an NPR radio show called 'This American Life', but getting the ingredients for Coca Cola wasn't easy and still isn't. Beginning with a hit song, the new campaign featured what proved to be one of the most popular ads ever created. Take off the heat and mix in vanilla, caffeine, lime juice and citric acid. Blend the oil and ethanol mixture with a wire whisk. On February 12, 1971, "I'd Like to Buy the World a Coke" was shipped to radio stations throughout the United States. 17,868 0 in cart. Coca Cola: Dr Stephen Hawking wrote a brief history of what? In the end, even with compromises, the flavour profile of the Coke recipes is so complex that minor variations are hard to detect./read more: Glen & Friends Cooking. In May 1886, he developed an early version of a beverage that would later become Coca-Cola, but sold his rights to the drink shortly before his death. Obviously Coca loaf extract is the biggie in the room - but even Neroli Oil Extract is hard to get; in that its so expensive!So if you are going to set out and make Coca Cola at home, or any Cola recipe at home; there will be some comprises. Unfortunately, Pemberton died just a few years later. Biologically, the body does some interesting things when trying to process coca and alcohol. Add a measured amount of 7X flavouring to the sugar syrup. Mary Bellis covered inventions and inventors for ThoughtCo for 18 years. John Wouldnt live to see the success of his invention, though. } },{ "@type": "Question", "name": "When did they stop putting cocaine in Coca-Cola? It simply wasnt considered a dangerous substance at the time. 0.000036% Nutmeg, coriander, cinnamon, neroli oil. With Candler now at the helm, the Coca-Cola Company increased syrup sales by over 4,000 percent between 1890 and 1900. In the end, even with compromises, the flavour profile of the Coke recipes is so complex that minor variations are hard to detect.Merchandise 7x Flavour [Use 2 oz flavour (below) to 5 gals syrup (I used 15mL per 19L, or 1.3mL / 1L)]236 mL (8 oz) high proof food grade alcohol 20 drops (0.5g / 1 mL) Orange Oil 30 drops (0.75g / 1.5 mL) Lemon Oil 10 drops (0.25g / .5 mL) Nutmeg Oil 5 drops (0.125g / .25 mL) Coriander Oil 10 drops (0.25g / .5 mL) Neroli Oil (You can sub Bitter Orange Oil)10 drops (0.25g / .5 mL) Cinnamon (Cassia Or True Cinnamon) Oil Original Sugar Syrup Recipe:FE Coca (Fluid Extract of Coca) 3 drams USP (10.5 mL) Citric Acid 3 oz (85g)Caffeine 1 oz (30 mL) Sugar 30 #Water 2.5 galLime Juice 2 pints (473 mL) Vanilla 1 oz (30 mL) Caramel 1.5 oz or more to colourI made 1/8 Original and re-ordered the ingredients to order of use:Water 1.18LSugar 1.7 KgCaramel 5.5 mLFE Coca 1.3 mL (not used)Vanilla 3.75 mLCaffeine 3.75 mLLime Juice 59.12 mL Citric Acid 10.6gMethod:Mix together all of the ingredients of the 7X Flavour.Set this aside in a sealed bottle.Heat the water sugar and caramel in a large pot.Stirring continuously, just until sugar is dissolved.Take off the heat and mix in vanilla, caffeine, lime juice and citric acid.Stir to fully combine.Add a measured amount of 7X flavouring to the sugar syrup.Mix with carbonated water at a ratio of one part syrup and 5 parts water.Here are the links to the original This American Life story:https://www.thisamericanlife.org/427/original-recipehttps://www.thisamericanlife.org/extras/the-recipehttps://www.thisamericanlife.org/extras/a-note-from-ira-on-our-original-recipe-showhttps://www.thisamericanlife.org/427/transcripthttps://www.thisamericanlife.org/extras/coca-continuedThe Whole Cola Playlist:1) We Made 1886 Coca Cola Recipe: https://youtu.be/IWYuPE8rkeE2) Making Squozen Cola Recipe: https://youtu.be/utvx01Z6JzY3) How We Carbonate Our Soda Water: https://youtu.be/9vRaJY3d47o4) DIY 'Coke' Cola Recipe Nailed It! Titans like Coca-Cola, Pepsi, Dr. Pepper, and many other soft drink giants dominate the field. I will start by saying I am not a nutritionist, so dont take my word for it. [25] The "Classic" designation remained on the original product's label, its prominence gradually decreasing over the years, until it was removed entirely in 2009. Also, the brand does not matter. Backer persuaded McCann to convince Coca-Cola executives that the ad was still viable but needed a visual dimension. It sure beats Pepsi it is the classic after all. [3], According to the company, only two employees are privy to the complete formula at any given time and they are not permitted to travel together. "I'd Like to Buy the World a Coke" made a lasting connection with the viewing public. [31], In 2011, Ira Glass announced on his Public Radio International show, This American Life, that show staffers had found a recipe in "Everett Beal's Recipe Book", reproduced in the February 28, 1979, issue of The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, that they believed was either Pemberton's original formula for Coca-Cola, or a version that he made either before or after the product was first sold in 1886. Around his death, he sold around nine cokes a day. Via/ Wiki Commons The vault has become an attraction for the Coke museum, tempting guests with the promise of becoming "closer than ever before to the secret formula." Glen got the idea to do this back in 2011 from an NPR radio show called 'This American Life', but getting the By the 1880s Pemberton had perfected his "French Wine Cola" and had sold the rights to his recipe in 1886- only 2 years before his death in 1888. Brewed to contain a massive dose of cocaine, the drink was virtually guaranteed to succeed. In 1969, The Coca-Cola Company and its advertising agency, McCann-Erickson, ended their popular "Things Go Better With Coke" campaign, replacing it with a campaign that centered on the slogan "It's the Real Thing." [26], In the early 2000s, cane-sugar-sweetened Coca-Cola produced in Mexico began to appear in bodegas and Hispanic supermarkets in the Southwestern United States; in 2005, Costco began offering it. Thus Coca-Cola was invented. Merchandise no. Barilla Pasta, Spaghetti, 16 oz. Yet who actually knows the Coca-Cola recipe? Prohibition was enacted during the roaring 20s and 30s for the United States at large, but it turned out Georgia was a few steps ahead of the rest of the country. (. This is yet another way we are recognizing and thanking everyone around the world who has made the Coca-Cola brand what it is today. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The recipe is a trade secret only because The Coca-Cola Company keeps the information secret. According to Coca-Cola's website: [Woodruff] asked Candler's son to write the formula down and placed the paper in a vault in the Guaranty Bank in New York until the loan was repaid in 1925. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Our diy Coca Cola recipe follows his 1886 version. Pemberton's bookkeeper, Frank Robinson, named the mixture Coca-Cola and wrote it out in his distinctive script. Long Beach Iced Tea Original Recipe & History, Pisco Punch Classic 1890s Recipe & History, Long Island Iced Tea Original Recipe & History, Vanilla Cream Syrup Old Fashioned Recipe. In the end, even with compromises, the flavour profile of the Coke recipes is so complex that minor variations are hard to detect. Coca-Cola was invented in 1886 by a pharmacist named John Pemberton in Atlanta, Georgia. Coca-Cola. Very few people know the 'real' secret recipe but there are versions out there hand written by the inventor of Coke - John Pemberton. It takes seven values, a vision with six Ps, and five behaviors to achieve the one mission of The Coca-Cola Company: happiness. Everyone freaks out at this amount, and that is a bit. I believe its the section where you said NPR published the information. As part of the grandiose story surrounding its history, the Coca-Cola Company maintains only two executives know the recipe for Coke at a time. Does it matter what brand is used? General knowledge quiz questions and answers . Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-coca-cola-1991477. [8][16] As part of a settlement, the company agreed to reduce the amount of caffeine in its syrup. https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-coca-cola-1991477 (accessed March 4, 2023). Take off the heat and mix in vanilla, caffeine, lime juice and citric acid. 4. Glen got the idea to do this back in 2011 from an NPR radio show called 'This American Life', but getting the ingredients for Coca Cola wasn't easy and still isn't. John Stith Pemberton (July 8, 1831 - August 16, 1888) was an American pharmacist and Confederate States Army veteran who is best known as the inventor of Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola fans had a negative, some say hostile, reaction to the new recipe, and within three months, the original cola that captured the hearts and tastebuds of the public returned. Coca Cola Secret Recipe. I find that amazing. See, High Proof Neutral Spirit (Everclear 190). We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Color. There is no obligation to enter treatment and you can opt out at any time. The removal of coca from Coca-Cola was not long-lived. Glen got the idea to do this back in 2011 from an NPR radio show called 'This American Life', but getting the ingredients for Coca Cola wasn't easy. Keep in mind this may not be the present-day Coca-Cola recipe. Yet Coca-Cola insists its methods remain unknown by the public. Although the new formulation had beaten both Pepsi-Cola and the old Coke formula in multiple blind taste tests, consumer response was overwhelmingly negative. [29][30] The recipe does not specify when or how the ingredients are mixed, nor the flavoring oil quantity units of measure (though it implies that the "Merchandise 7X" was mixed first). Coca Cola contains: Water: 10 l + carbon dioxide - for a sparkling and refreshing aroma Phosphoric acid: made from natural minerals and . Keeping the written ingredients list sealed in a bank vault amplified the drink's desirability and special status. However, Robinson, who was known for having excellent penmanship, thought that using two Cs in the name would look striking in advertising. Glen & Friends Cooking -Great Recipes, Tasty Food, Amazing Drinks. So if you are going to set out and make Coca Cola at home, or any Cola recipe at home; there will be some comprises. Our diy Coca Cola recipe follows his 1886 version. Very few people know the 'real' secret recipe but there are versions out there hand written by the inventor of Coke - John Pemberton. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); How To Identify The Early Signs Of Mental Health Issues, Blue Cross Blue Shield Rehab Insurance Coverage, Medical Mutual of Ohio Rehab Insurance Coverage, Adolescent Partial Hospitalization Program, Polysubstance Addiction Treatment Program, Prescription Drug Addiction Treatment Program, Inability to quit or cut back on use, even when desired, Losing interest in typical activities and interests, Neglecting personal or professional duties, Ensuring theres always a stockpile of cocaine available. Add 1 oz (28 g) lime juice (a former ingredient, evidently, that Coca-Cola now denies) or a substitute such as a water solution of citric acid and sodium citrate at lime-juice strength. Ever wonder how to make the worlds favourite soda pop Coca Cola? With that he pulled out the paper napkin on which he had scribbled the line, "I'd like to buy the world a Coke and keep it company.". John Pemberton, a pharmacist, created Coca-Cola for the first time in 1886. In this 1886 recipe, the iconic cola flavor combines vanilla, orange oil, lemon oil, nutmeg oil, coriander oil, cinnamon oil, and orange blossom oil. When did they stop putting cocaine in Coca-Cola? Makes one 1 US gallon (3.8l; 0.83impgal) of syrup. Before 1929, the year Coca-Cola went completely cocaine-free, trace amounts could be found. Since its invention by John Pemberton in 1886, Coca-Cola has become the most well known soft drink in the world. While cocaine wasn't considered illegal until 1914, according to Live Science,Candler began removing cocaine from the recipe in the early 1900s, and traces of cocaine may have been present in the famous beverage until 1929 when scientists were able toperfect the removal ofall psychoactive elements from the coca-leaf extract. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. but there are versions out there hand. A tribute to the success of the campaign, the commercial resurfaced over 40 years after it first launched, making an appearance in the finale of the hit TV show "Mad Men" in 2015. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. ThoughtCo. Yield (used to flavor carbonated water at 1USfloz (30ml) per bottle): 128 bottles, 6.5USfloz (190ml). Pemberton passed in 1888, and Candler became Coca-Cola's sole proprietor in 1892. The recipe calls for 3 fluid drams, which is equivalent to 1/8 of a fluid ounce or - an easier measurement for a home kitchen - 3/4 of a tablespoon. Not to mention that caffeine has some big implications too. cup water 4 allspice berries 1 cinnamon stick, lightly crushed cup boiling water Kola2 tablespoons kola nuts, chopped if whole 1 cup water cup lime zest (from

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