Plants are used on their own, or mixed together to form herbal remedies. Methods Hispanic . Themes common to Latino participants were: "We are put off to one side"; "If I can't work, I can't survive"; and "Without documents, you are no one." Recent immigrants often feel lonely and can have culture shock, fears of deportation, and financial problems; depressed mood may manifest as headaches and somatic symptoms. You explain why these interventions are necessary, but acknowledge her frustration and agree to revise her diet. Latino refers to a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race.1 Latinos comprised nearly 16 percent of the U.S. population in 2009, making them the largest minority group.1 By 2050, it is projected that they will comprise up to 30 percent of the U.S. population.2 The three largest subgroups include Mexican Americans (about 65 percent), mostly settled in the Southwest, Puerto Ricans (9.1 percent) in the urban Northeast, and Cuban Americans (3.5 percent) in Florida.3 However, these demographics are rapidly shifting as Latino populations are increasingly integrated into suburban and rural communities throughout America. Visit SAMHSA on Instagram Increasing Cultural Sensitivity in Existing Treatment Approaches For Latinos, interpersonal warmth is very important, and when a therapist is experienced as "cold" or Physicians cannot assume that all Latinos share these beliefs; many do not. Specifically, to Latin America, to people from the Caribbean, South America, and Central America. The specific herbs mentioned in this study for use of treatment of diabetes included: nopal (cactus), aloe vera, nispero (loquat leaves), garlic, and diabetina. The LEARN technique can facilitate cross-cultural interviews. The extra time necessary for this technique is justified by the prospect of much better understanding and adherence.31. In addition, diet and exercise do not have a prominent place in the daily activities of the Hispanic family. 108 17-00084 at Western Philippines University . Despite a lack of U.S. studies, a Norwegian study found that although immigrants from tuberculosis-endemic regions did bring more strains of tuberculosis with them, they did not significantly contribute to the spread of tuberculosis within the resident population.18, Non-Latino physicians may be perplexed by references to folk healing and illness in Latino patients. According to a study done at UCLA, 15.7 percent of non-elderly Latinos in either fair or poor health, who are covered under MediCal or Healthy Families (both California low-income health insurance programs), report having no usual source of care but rather obtain their clinical health care on an ad-hoc basis, if at all.11, Some Latinos find their health care in non-clinical places, relying on folk medicine and traditional healers. Moreover, the family itself can play an enormously important role in supporting and empowering the patient within the medical setting. Indeed, such a patient's silence might best be interpreted as an indirect and nonverbal form of disagreement. 1 The term does not refer only to Spanish speakers, however; many people usually thought of as "Hispanic"-the people of Brazil, for instance, or those from indigenous Mexican communities-often do not speak Spanish at all, or at least not as their primary language. They also must beware of the tendency toward "othering"; that is, the penchant to understand non-dominant groups as inferior, exotic, or deviant.17 Some efforts at cultural competence may incline toward these unhelpful postures. Very often they have faced extremely hazardous conditions crossing the border-enduring hunger, dehydration, violence from vigilantes, rape, abuse, severe weather conditions and harsh treatment by border agents. While not considering Hispanics as a distinct race, the U.S. Census (utilizing federally delineated categories) defines someone "Hispanic" or "Latino" as "a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race. In a 2002 report from the Institute of Medicine, more than 175 studies were cited to document this disparity.6 In an attempt to address this problem, the National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) were released in 2001 by the Office of Minority Health of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.7 Fourteen guidelines were published, which were organized around three main themes: culturally competent care, language access services, and organizational supports. Maria is a 54-year-old Mexican immigrant with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity. The APA additionally reported that both language barriers and values created barriers to treatment for Hispanics experiencing mental health issues. To sign up for updates or to access your subscriber preferences, please enter your contact information. Latinx/Hispanic Communities and Mental Health Mental Health America Offers information about mental health issues in Latinx/Hispanic communities, including demographics, prevalence, treatment issues, and more. When in doubt, the best policy is to ask the patient how he or she would like to be addressed.26. Again, it is imperative to stress that these values represent broad generalizations that may or may not apply to any individual patient or in any given situation. They are a starting point, not an ending point; in other words, they call practitioners to look more deeply into the particular cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic contours of their patients' backgrounds and to open themselves to alternative ways of understanding and interpreting their patients' actions and requests. Treatment referral and information, 24/7, Visit the SAMHSA Facebook page Herbal therapies play a major role in Latino folk medicine, so knowing the Spanish names of common herbs can be helpful (eTable A). Visit SAMHSA on Twitter Poor communication with health care providers is often an issue. Spanish language handouts are a better option. . Generally speaking, Latino cultures include a more family-centered decision making model than the more individualistic or autonomy-based model embraced by modern mainstream biomedical culture in the United States. 15Glenn Flores, "Culture and the Patient-Physician Relationship: Achieving Cultural Competency in Health Care," Journal of Pediatrics 136 (January 2000): 14-23; see also Maria R. Warda, "Mexican Americans' Perceptions of Culturally Competent Care," Western Journal of Nursing Research 22/2 (2000): 203-224. Latino millennials were also more likely to have already had a conversation about end-of-life care with a family member, a finding that aligns with the norms of outward expression of death and . This article provides an evidence-based review of the prevalence, presentation, and management of major depression in primary care in this heterogeneous ethnic group. Related letter: Chagas Disease Is a Consideration in Latino Patients. These instructions can be studied by the patient or translated when time permits. Spanish language handouts are available from several Internet sources.33 Recruiting Latino physicians and staff, and recognizing Latino holidays at the office (e.g., Cinco de Mayo), will open many doors to the Latino community.34 Office staff, as well as physicians, should be instructed in basic cultural sensitivity (Table 5).34,35 Hospitals can include culturally appropriate foods in their menus. Conveying medical instructions to patients with limited English skills can be frustrating. Media Contact . Latinos' belief in alternative treatment is affected by many factors, including education, socioeconomic class, and time spent in the United States (acculturation). These broad generalizations are just that: broad generalizations. About 23 percent of Latinos in the United States live in poverty.2. Although this review summarizes findings for U.S. Hispanics, it is important to note that the panethnic term "Hispanics" describes a large, heterogeneous group originating from multiple Spanish-speaking nations and that evidences substantial variability in socio-cultural characteristics, beliefs, behaviors, and attitudes toward health and health Interferon gammarelease screening tests are preferable to tuberculin skin testing in immigrants who have received the bacille Calmette-Gurin vaccine. 50 percent of those with no usual health care provider are at least high school graduates. Hence, the individual's good cannot be neatly separated from his or her community. Trauma-Focused CBT is one of the most effective types of treatment for a trauma-based disorder, particularly in adolescents and children. In some cases, discussing personal family issues might feel like a form of disloyalty to a Hispanic recovering addict in a group therapy . These may include antioxidants, probiotics, or a combination of medications to target any of the contributing factors. The Bracero program, a guest worker program started in 1942, was designed to bring experienced agricultural laborers to the U.S. from Mexico and led to a huge influx of Mexican immigrants. For literate patients, it may be helpful to write things down, even if this must be done in English rather than Spanish. It took extra time in relationship-building (personalismo), a team approach, an interpreter, negotiation, and a bit of research to make it all happen. savoie's real cajun dressing mix; PURPOSE Though patient variables are likely to play an important role in the undertreatment of depression, little is known of patients' perceptions of standard depression treatments. Allow extra visit time for patients with limited English proficiency, Hire bilingual staff and physicians, and encourage existing staff to learn Spanish, Make printed and Web-based cultural information available to staff, Offer flexible scheduling: patients may be seen in sign-in order rather than fixed appointments, Post bilingual or Spanish-language signage, Provide cultural sensitivity training for staff (e.g., monthly lunchtime discussions, in-service training, a bulletin board devoted to cultural issues, ethnic food potlucks), Provide culture-specific interventions in nursing care plans, Provide interpretation services for patients with limited English, proficiency (required under Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act); whenever possible, try to avoid using patient's family or friends as interpreters, Provide Spanish-language medical handouts and patient forms, Recognize Latino holidays (e.g., Cinco de Mayo [May 5], Day of the Three Kings [January 6]). According to Pew Research, a law passed by Congress in 1976 defined Hispanics as . Lack of third party reimbursement for professional interpreter services exacerbates this problem. 7Hyon B. Shin and Rosalind Bruno, "Language Use and English-Speaking Ability: 2000," Census 2000 Brief, U.S. Census Bureau, October 2003, accessed at: www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/c2kbr-29.pdf. 37% of Latinos have. This content is owned by the AAFP. Such patient activation or motivation for change is more challenging in foreign-born Latinos, but may be achieved through active dialogue and discussion.32 Hopeful involvement in the care plan should replace fatalism or resignation. Free and confidential support for people in distress, 24/7, Behavioral Health Treatment Services Locator Interferon gammarelease assays are preferred to tuberculin skin testing in immigrants with a history of BCG vaccination. She agrees to start taking medications, but does not refill her prescriptions or lose weight. There are also differences in drug use within the Hispanic population as shown in Figure 1. 10Mead et. Cultural Barriers to Treatment and Compliance. Maria needs to eat fruit; she should also consume more fiber to counteract her high-carbohydrate diet. Hispanic Heritage Month, September 15 - October 15, is an important opportunity to raise awareness about these trends and more importantly, identify culturally and linguistically appropriate prevention and treatment strategies to reduce mental and substance use disorders in the Hispanic/Latino population. Double or hyphenated Latino surnames may seem complicated, with the father's name preceding the mother's. Neurocysticercosis, a leading cause of seizures in Mexico, and pulmonary tuberculosis are more common in Latino immigrants.10 Interferon gammarelease assay blood testing for tuberculosis is now preferred over tuberculin skin testing in immigrants with a history of bacille Calmette-Gurin vaccination because of a high rate of false-positive results with skin testing (although skin testing is still recommended for children younger than five years).13 Publicized fears of contagion from illegal immigration may be overblown. Emotional distress often presents with headaches (dolor de cabeza) or other physical symptoms instead of depressed mood.9 Consequently, a high index of suspicion is needed to recognize adjustment reactions or depression. The ethnic terms Latino or Hispanic refer to a diverse population of Latin American descent that includes many nationalities and races. Many Latinos are accustomed to self-treating because most pharmaceuticals are available without prescription in their home countries. The same is also applies to the substance abuse treatment. Census Bureau News, "U.S. Hispanic Population Surpasses 45 Million," Press Release, Thursday, May 1, 2008; U.S. Census Bureau, "Hispanic Americans By the Numbers," accessed at www.infoplease.com/spot/hhmcensus1.html; and U.S. Census Bureau, "State and County QuickFacts: Santa Clara County, California," 2006, accessed at http://quickfacts.census.gov. Table 3 lists some common Latino folk illnesses, their symptoms, and treatment.19 Therapies for these conditions may seem odd, but most are harmless, with a few exceptions. This resulted in a rich compilation of remedies that Hispanics use in home treatments, with the emergence of a pattern comparable to the nursing process. Research is reviewed demonstrating that BSFT is a promising family-based approach to treating Hispanic youth behavior problems and drug abuse. The cultural value of modestia (modesty), which is related to respect, is often neglected.27 Latinos may be conservative in this area, and physical exposure should be negotiated as the examination warrants. In terms of health, on some measures Latinos are better off than other ethnic groups. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of antiretroviral-naive patients 18 years and older attending their first visit at Thomas Street Health Center in . Low levels of hypertension awareness are a major problem in the Latino community. More than half of Hispanic young adults ages 18-25 with serious mental illness may not receive treatment. Data Synthesis: Hispanics were identified homogenously in some studies and more correctly as a heterogeneous population in others. Rue for earache. From the upstairs hallway of our home, I watched my great-aunt prepare for the cleansing. For instance, a doctor could perceive as evasive a patient who declines to make direct eye contact, when in fact,that patient may be demonstrating respect for the doctor's position and authority. al., "Racial and Ethnic Disparities," Chart 5-2. Intense but brief release of emotion thought to be caused by family conflict or anger, No immediate treatment other than calming the patient, Childhood condition characterized by irritability and diarrhea thought to be caused by abrupt withdrawal from the mother's breast, Holding the child upside down or applying gentle pressure to the hard palate, Constipation, cramps, or vomiting thought to be caused by overeating, Abdominal massage and herbal purgative teas; an egg passed over the abdomen supposedly sticks to the affected area, Steam inhalation and herbal treatments, including eucalyptus and mullein (gordolobo), Pelvic congestion and decreased libido thought to be caused by insufficient rest after childbirth, Cold air that is thought to cause respiratory infections and earaches, Steam baths, hot compresses, stimulating herbal teas, A hex cast on children, sometimes unconsciously, that is thought to be caused by the admiring gaze of someone more powerful, The hex can be broken if the person responsible for the hex touches the child, or if a healer passes an egg over the child's body; the egg is then broken into a bowl of water and placed under the child's bed; child may wear charms for protection, Unnatural illness that is not easily explained, Temporary paralysis of the face or limbs, often thought to be caused by a sudden hot-cold imbalance, Posttraumatic illness (e.g., shock, insomnia, depression, anxiety), Barrida ritual purification ceremony (herbs used to sweep patient's body) repeated until the patient improves, Eaten to alleviate hypertension and prevent arteriosclerosis; garlic juice is applied to stings and spider bites, Anticoagulant effect at high doses; avoid high doses in patients taking coumadin (Warfarin); high doses can cause heartburn and bad breath; reduces effectiveness of saquinavir (Invirase), Boiled flowers are used externally on bruises, For topical and homeopathic use only; avoid internal use (except for homeopathic preparations, which are considered safe); increased gastroenteritis and dyspnea risk with ingestion, Hepatotoxicity risk from pyrrolizidine alkaloids (in leaves) with high or prolonged doses, Spice used as antispasmodic and for upper respiratory infections; although promoted as a hypoglycemic agent, recent research is conflicting, Use with caution in patients taking hepatotoxic drugs; safe in usual food quantities, Cilantro (cilantro [leaf] or coriander [seed]), Tea used for anxiety, stomach cramps, and inflamed gums; more recently popularized for increasing the urinary excretion of heavy metals, No safety concerns, although there have been recalls because of salmonella and pesticide contamination, Oil used topically for toothache and bad breath, Eugenol in clove oil may affect blood clotting; toxic if ingested, especially in children, Tea or syrup used as an expectorant, a diuretic, and for constipation, liver problems, and gall stones; also used to induce menstruation, High doses may cause vomiting; avoid in pregnancy; no known interactions, Leaf tea used for anxiety and lethargy, most popular as an aphrodisiac, Theoretical concern of cyanogenic glycoside toxicity with higher doses, Tea used for intestinal parasites; herb is added to beans to prevent flatulence, Chenopodium oil is also used as an antihelmintic but may be toxic (ascaridole content), Tea used for upset stomach and menstrual cramps, and to prevent diarrhea, Long-term ingestion causes absinthism (trembling, vertigo, thirst, delirium); thujone in the essential oil is neurotoxic and may cause seizures, Boiled leaves used for asthma in vaporizers; popular in lozenges for sore throat; also sometimes used as topical disinfectant, Ingesting eucalyptus oil may cause vomiting, diarrhea, delirium, and convulsions; avoid using in vaporizers for children younger than six years, Tea used to treat cough and sore throat; one study reports use for otitis, No known safety concerns (insufficient data) or drug interactions, High doses may cause anticoagulant effects and excess gas or bloating, Fruit juice used for fever, upper respiratory infection (classic cooling herb), and hypertension, Weed leaf used externally for burns, bruises, mouth sores, and hemorrhoids; tea taken orally for respiratory infections, Eaten as part of diet; has antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and laxative properties; also used as hangover treatment and for hyperlipidemia, May inhibit drug absorption; excess consumption may cause diarrhea and nausea, Leaf tea used to treat cough, indigestion, and, Safe in small quantities in food, but contains monoterpene ketones, which can cause toxicity (intestinal irritation, kidney damage, abortion, seizures), Toxic herb used to induce menstruation and abort fetuses, Toxic; avoid oral use; may cause renal and hepatic damage; furocoumarins can cause skin photosensitivity, Tea from dried flowers used to relieve cough, Yerba buena (mints, including spearmint and, Mint tea relieves upset stomach and headaches, Safe in usual quantities, but spearmint oil is a mucous membrane irritant and potentially toxic when ingested, Topical use for burns; occasionally ingested, Safe for topical use; juice is relatively safe; ingestion of aloe resin (a purgative) may cause diarrhea, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, and prolonged bleeding; potential interactions with hypoglycemics and cardiac glycosides, Safe as a food seasoning, toxic alveolitis reported from inhaling lemongrass oil, A Physician's Practical Guide to Culturally Competent Care, Hispanic Center of Excellence (Baylor College of Medicine and University of Texas-Pan American), Language Line Services (interpreter services), Office of Minority Health: Cultural Competency, Office of Minority Health: National Standards for Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS), Oregon Health & Science University: Spanish education handouts for clinicians, Tool for Assessing Cultural Competence Training (TACCT) Resource Guide, Transcultural Nursing: Diversity in Health and Illness, University of Washington Medical Center: Culture Clues tip sheets. This is especially (though far from uniquely) true in the agricultural sector of the U.S. economy. Yet Latinos are at particular risk for diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, hypertension, HIV/AIDS, alcoholism, cirrhosis, and death from violence.4 There is also a disproportionately high prevalence of acute care in the treatment of Latinos; that is, too often patients delay medical care until their conditions worsen and necessitate immediate attention. needs and experience of less acculturated Latino clients who are mostly from Mexico and Central America, and represent a large segment of the Latino community in Southern California. Rather than operating on the ideal of an informed, active individual who makes decisions based on his or her own personal good, many Latino cultures consider as paramount the individual's obligation to the family and broader community. Obesity and genetic factors increase risk. Addressing patients properly can be another challenge. Pharmacologic therapies for hypertension have been highly effective in Hispanic subjects participating in clinical trials. To provide an updated understanding of folk and traditional medicine (FTM) among Hispanic parents in the United States, we surveyed 200 caregivers identifying their child as Hispanic in a pediatric primary care clinic about their cultural health beliefs and practices. Still, being aware of these larger values may help health care providers to understand a particular patient's behaviors and actions in the context of larger cultural inclinations. Missing data was handled using this carry-forward method. While this has been a challenge across patient populations, it has been especially pronounced among the U.S. Latino population, which shows a rate of non-adherence almost 40% higher than the rate seen in the U.S. Caucasian population. For Authors For Reviewers For Editors For Librarians For Publishers For Societies For Conference Organizers. The U.S. Latino population is also quite young relative to the general U.S. population; in 2007, the median age for the former was 27.6, compared to 36.6 for the latter.2. "7 In the context of a hospital or medical clinic, where medical terminology can be complicated and communication often takes place quickly and amidst elevated emotions, this language barrier can be especially problematic. Objective Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among Hispanic women. We sought to compare the treatment outcomes of undocumented and documented patients 12-months after entering HIV care. Davis Company, 1998): 397-421. Herbs often have hot or cold properties; hot herbs are used to treat cold conditions, and vice versa. 5Larry D. Purnell and Betty J. Paulanka, "Mexican-Americans," chapter in Transcultural Health Care: A Culturally Competent Approach (Philadelphia: F.A. However, it may be more likely to mistakenly suspect child abuse than to actually encounter it in patients who use traditional treatments.23. In fact, the number of Latino physicians dramatically lags behind Latino population growth; and, according to cross-cultural health care expert Larry Purnell, Latinos are the most underrepresented major minority group in the entire U.S. health care workforce.5 This discrepancy contributes to many different linguistic and cultural hurdles for Latino patients, as well as for their health care providers. Cold linseed tea and hibiscus flower tea for diabetes. 14 Kleinman et. National Network to Eliminate Disparities in Behavioral Health, SAMHSA National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), AHRQ National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Reports, OMH National Standards on Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health and Health Care (National CLAS Standards), 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline Many Latino immigrants experience tremendous stress once they are in the United States. You then schedule a return visit, during which an interpreter will be available. Methods: Data from the National Mental Health Services Survey conducted in 2014 (N=13,015 facilities) and 2019 (N=12,345 facilities) were used to measure changes in the proportions of facilities that offered treatment in Spanish overall and by year, state, and proportion of Hispanic residents. Importantly, many Latinos themselves prefer the latter term, since it avoids reference to the more recent European colonial powers (from "Hispania," or the Iberian Peninsula) that laid claim to Latin America in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. This traditional food is high in fiber and pectin and lowers lipid levels by binding bile acids; when eaten with other foods, it reduces the glycemic index of the meal by 50 percent. Latinos have disproportionately higher rates of obesity and diabetes mellitus (Table 1).914 Approximately 43 percent of Mexican Americans older than 20 years are obese, compared with 33 percent of the non-Latino white population.12 Diabetes and hypertension are closely linked with obesity; 11.8 percent of Latinos older than 20 years have type 2 diabetes (13.3 percent of Mexican Americans), making it the foremost health issue in this population.14 A higher-calorie diet, a more sedentary lifestyle, and genetic factors contribute to this problem.
hispanic methods of treatment
por | Jul 30, 2022 | wilmington, nc obituaries past week
hispanic methods of treatment